Unless otherwise noted, all artifact images represented on this site are the property of the Houston Museum of Natural Science and are protected by U.S. Copyright Laws. These images are not to be downloaded or reproduced in any way. If you would like to purchase a copy of a specific image, please contact media@hmns.org. All rights reserved.
Ceremonial Clothing
The Plains Indians were very spiritual, and some clothing items or body adornments, like war
bonnets, were only worn during special rituals and ceremonies. War bonnets were decorated with eagle
feathers, with each feather representing a heroic act performed by the warrior during battle. Religious
ceremonies, such as the Ghost Dance introduced in the 1890s, also led to new symbolism and outfits
specific to those movements.
Bustle
Dance bustles were also called "Crows". In his autobiography, Gordon Smith mentions how they
were once made with feathers from many different birds, including crows. Bustles were thought to
represent a battlefield, and only the feathers of birds who visited a battlefield after the fighting was
over were used.
Lakota
Late 19th-Early 20th Century
Bustle
Dance bustles were also called "Crows". In his autobiography, Gordon Smith mentions how they
were once made with feathers from many different birds, including crows. Bustles were thought to
represent a battlefield, and only the feathers of birds who visited a battlefield after the fighting was
over were used.
Lakota
Late 19th-Early 20th Century
Bonnet
A warrior could not make a war bonnet until he had the correct number of eagle feathers, and
those were earned by performing brave acts during battle. War bonnets are the ultimate status symbol
because only the bravest men wore them.
Lakota
Late 19th-Early 20th Century
Bonnet
A warrior could not make a war bonnet until he had the correct number of eagle feathers, and
those were earned by performing brave acts during battle. War bonnets are the ultimate status symbol
because only the bravest men wore them.
Northern Cheyenne
Late 19th- Early 20th Century
Bonnet
This war shirt and leggings outfit was created for a teenaged Gordon Smith, who was made a
member of the Lakota Tribe in 1934. Traditionally, only a select few, called "Shirt Wearers," were
permitted to wear war shirts. These men displayed acts of courage during war, as well as wisdom and
generosity during their everyday lives. It was also believed that the shirts held special powers that
protected the wearer in battle. The picture next to this outfit shows the young Gordon wearing these
pieces while holding his pipe.
War shirt
This war shirt and leggings outfit was created for a teenaged Gordon Smith, who was made a
member of the Lakota Tribe in 1934. Traditionally, only a select few, called "Shirt Wearers," were
permitted to wear war shirts. These men displayed acts of courage during war, as well as wisdom and
generosity during their everyday lives. It was also believed that the shirts held special powers that
protected the wearer in battle. The picture next to this outfit shows the young Gordon wearing these
pieces while holding his pipe.
Leggings
This war shirt and leggings outfit was created for a teenaged Gordon Smith, who was made a
member of the Lakota Tribe in 1934. Traditionally, only a select few, called "Shirt Wearers," were
permitted to wear war shirts. These men displayed acts of courage during war, as well as wisdom and
generosity during their everyday lives. It was also believed that the shirts held special powers that
protected the wearer in battle. The picture next to this outfit shows the young Gordon wearing these
pieces while holding his pipe.
Moccasins
This war shirt and leggings outfit was created for a teenage Gordon Smith, who was made a
member of the Lakota Tribe in 1934. Traditionally, only a select few, called "Shirt Wearers," were
permitted to wear war shirts. These men displayed acts of courage during war, as well as wisdom and
generosity during their everyday lives. It was also believed that the shirts held special powers that
protected the wearer in battle. The picture next to this outfit shows the young Gordon wearing these
pieces while holding his pipe.
Lakota or Northern Cheyenne
1910
Bag
This war shirt and leggings outfit was created for a teenaged Gordon Smith, who was made a
member of the Lakota Tribe in 1934. Traditionally, only a select few, called "Shirt Wearers," were
permitted to wear war shirts. These men displayed acts of courage during war, as well as wisdom and
generosity during their everyday lives. It was also believed that the shirts held special powers that
protected the wearer in battle. The picture next to this outfit shows the young Gordon wearing these
pieces while holding his pipe.
Dress
This is a classic example of a Southern Plains three-hide dress in the Cheyenne style. The
dress was made using three complete hides, one for the yoke, and one for each side of the skirt. Yellow
was a popular color choice among the Cheyenne, as was the scalloped beadwork at the bottom of the dress.
To complete the outfit, a woman would also wear a belt, like the one shown here with large silver
conchas, as well as the highly decorated high top moccasins of the Southern Plains.
Moccasin-Leggins
This is a classic example of a Southern Plains three-hide dress in the Cheyenne style. The
dress was made using three complete hides, one for the yoke, and one for each side of the skirt. Yellow
was a popular color choice among the Cheyenne, as was the scalloped beadwork at the bottom of the dress.
To complete the outfit, a woman would also wear a belt, like the one shown here with large silver
conchas, as well as the highly decorated high top moccasins of the Southern Plains.
Cheyenne or Arapaho
c.1900
Belt
This is a classic example of a Southern Plains three-hide dress in the Cheyenne style. The
dress was made using three complete hides, one for the yoke, and one for each side of the skirt. Yellow
was a popular color choice among the Cheyenne, as was the scalloped beadwork at the bottom of the dress.
To complete the outfit, a woman would also wear a belt, like the one shown here with large silver
conchas, as well as the highly decorated high top moccasins of the Southern Plains.
Southern Plains
Late 19th-Early 20th Century
Knife Case
This is a classic example of a Southern Plains three-hide dress in the Cheyenne style. The
dress was made using three complete hides, one for the yoke, and one for each side of the skirt. Yellow
was a popular color choice among the Cheyenne, as was the scalloped beadwork at the bottom of the dress.
To complete the outfit, a woman would also wear a belt, like the one shown here with large silver
conchas, as well as the highly decorated high top moccasins of the Southern Plains.
Plains
Late 19th-Early 20th Century